Literature Review : EBP On Fracture Stabilization Intervention in the Emergency Room

Abstract

Fracture is one of the emergency cases that requires quick and appropriate treatment in the emergency department (IGD) to prevent permanent complications. One of the nonpharmacological interventions based on Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in fracture stabilization is cold compress therapy to reduce acute pain. This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of cold compress interventions on reducing pain levels in closed fracture patients in the emergency room. The method used in this study is a literature review by examining relevant scientific articles, including research by Pondete et al. (2025). The results showed that cold compresses can significantly lower pain intensity in fracture patients through vasoconstriction mechanisms, decreased tissue metabolism, and inhibition of pain impulse transmission. The method used in this study is literature review. The literature in 5 related articles is taken from the database, namely Google Scholar. Articles are selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria that have been set. Based on the search results, 5 articles were determined with the quantitative design method of Quasy Experiment with publications in the last 3 years (2022-2025) regarding articles related to fracture stabilization interventions in the emergency room. In conclusion, cold compress therapy has been shown to be effective as part of fracture stabilization interventions in the emergency room and is recommended as an evidence-based nursing measure for acute pain management.